Teksti
<div data-version="5.0" class="tei-tag-TEI">
<div data-lang="en" class="tei-tag-teiHeader">
<div class="tei-tag-title">Helsinki, National Library, Aö.II.55 + Aö.II.29</div>
<div class="tei-tag-head">I: <div data-from="1534" data-to="1566" class="tei-tag-origDate">saec. XVI 2/3 (1540s?)</div>; II: <div data-from="1534" data-to="1566" class="tei-tag-origDate">saec. XVI 2/3 (1550s?)</div>; III: <div data-from="1525" data-to="1549" class="tei-tag-origDate">saec. XVI 2/4 (1530s)</div>; I–III: <div class="tei-tag-origPlace">diocese of Turku</div></div>
<div class="tei-tag-msContents">
<div class="tei-tag-summary">A Gradual</div>
<div class="tei-tag-textLang" data-mainLang="la" data-otherLangs="sv"> </div>
<div data-n="1" class="tei-tag-msItem">
<div class="tei-tag-p">I: <div class="tei-tag-locusGrp">
<div class="tei-tag-locus">Aö.II.29, fols. [a–f]</div>
<div class="tei-tag-locus">+ Aö.II.55, fols. 1–134.</div>
</div></div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Aö.II.29, fols. [a], [e], [d], [c], [b], [f]</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">proprium de tempore</div></div>, from the end of the office for
Christmas to the First Sunday after Epiphany.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[[a]r]</div> |i nostri iubilate deo ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[a]v]</div> ... |i
nostri. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Dominica infra octauas natalis domini officium
</div><div class="tei-tag-locus">[[e]r]</div> Dum medium silencium ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[e]v]</div> ...
querebant animam pueri <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[d]r]</div>
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">In circumcisione domini officium</div> ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[d]v]</div>
... super te orta est <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[c]r]</div> Alleluya. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Versus</div>.
Vidimus stellam eius ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[c]v]</div> ... <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Dominica infra
octauas epyphanie domini officium</div>. ... omnis terra seruite domino
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[[b]r]</div> in leticia. Gloria ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[b]v]</div> ... <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Commune</div>. Fili quid <div class="tei-tag-locus">[[f]r]</div> fecisti
n[obis;<div class="tei-tag-locus">[f]v]</div> |um et sana[bitur]. </div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 1r–59v</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">proprium de
tempore</div></div>, from the end of the office for the Saturday before Passion
Sunday to the 23<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">rd</div> Sunday after Trinity.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[1r]</div> omnes qui diligitis eam ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[2v]</div> ... nomini tuo
domine. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Dominica in passione officium</div>. Iudica me deus et ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[18v]</div> ... penitenciam a gente. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Dominica
xxiii</div>. Dicit dominus ego cogito ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[59v]</div> ... et fiet
uobis.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 59v–61v</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title">office for the feast of the dedication of a
church</div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[59v]</div>
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">In die dedicacionis ecclesie</div>. Terribilis est locus ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[61v]</div> ... aperietur, Alleluya, alleluia.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 61v–100r</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">proprium de
sanctis</div></div>, from the vigil of St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Andrew</div> (29.11.) to the feast of St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Linus</div> (26.1.).</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[61v]</div>
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">In uigilia andree</div>. Dominus secus mare galilee uidit ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[100r]</div> ... <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Sancti lini martyris officium</div>.
Sacerdotes eius. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Graduale</div>. Deus iusti, Alleluia. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Versus</div>. Amauit. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Offertorium</div>. Inueni. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Commune</div>. Domine quinque talenta.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 100r–131v</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">commune
sanctorum</div></div>. The sanctoral follows the kalendar of the diocese of
<div class="tei-tag-placeName">Turku</div>, with most feasts of at least the grade <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">trium lectionum</div> (the winter feast of St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Henry</div> on <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol. 67r–v</div> and his summer feast on <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol.
82r</div>). However, a number of feasts even of the highest grades are omitted
(e.g. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">dedicatio ecclesiae aboensis</div> 17.6.; <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">visitatio Mariae</div> 2.7.; <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">festum reliquiarum</div> 9.9.;
<div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Birgittae</div></div> 7.10.; <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Barbarae</div> 4.12.) There are also a number of saints that either
only have the grade <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">memoria</div> in the Turku kalendar or are
completely foreign to it (<div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Brictii</div></div> 13.11., <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Elisabethi</div></div> 19.11., <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Chrisogoni</div></div> 27.11; <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Edmundi regis</div></div> 20.11. and <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Lini</div> 26.11.)
Instead of testifying to an upgrading of these feasts, their inclusion, because they
all occur in the last two weeks of November, more probably indicates an error or
inconsistency of some sort in the copying of the book (<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Malin 1925,
131</div>).</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[100r]</div>
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Sequitur in uigilia unius apostolic officium</div> ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[125v]</div> ... In communi unius uirginis ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[126v]</div> ...
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Item aliud</div> ... exite obuiam christo domino.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 131r–v</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title">votive masses</div>: for the holy spirit, for
the Holy Cross, for the Holy Virgin in Advent.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[131r]</div>
<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">De sancto spiritu officium. Spiritus domini</div> ... <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">De sancta cruce officium</div>. Nos autem Christus ... <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">In commemoratione beate marie uirginis</div>. <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">In
aduentu officium</div>. Rorate. Responsorium. Insole ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[131v]</div> ...
in se reconsilians yma summis.’</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 132r–134v</div>, originally only with empty red staves. Now fols.
132r–134r contain the beginning of a small <div class="tei-tag-title">Lutheran graduale</div> in
Swedish, which continues in part II.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[132r]</div> Christus är födder aff en iunffru reen ... synen dedg och
puro [without notation]. Alle Christene frögda sig ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[133r]</div> ...
beuisas kan Alleluija. Christus är upstonden aff dödha ... i allan stadh,
kyrieleison [without notation]. [J]esus Christus han är wårdhen ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[134r]</div> ... offuer dödhen Alleluija.</div>
</div>
<div data-n="2" class="tei-tag-msItem">
<div class="tei-tag-p">II: <div class="tei-tag-locus">fols. 135–140</div>, a fragment of a <div class="tei-tag-title">Lutheran
graduale</div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">fols. 135r–140r</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title">Lutheran kyriale</div> in Swedish, with
the <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">sanctus</div> in an interlinear Finnish translation (fol.
137r). According to <div class="tei-tag-bibl">Schalin (1946, 10)</div> the <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">kyriale</div> is not dependent on the Swedish of <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Een
liten sångbook</div></div>(<div data-from="1540" data-to="1549" class="tei-tag-date">1540s</div>), but might
be an older translation.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[135r]</div> [H]erre fårbarma tigh offuer oss ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[140r]</div>
... Gwdh wari tack och loff, Alleluija Alleluija Alleluija.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fol. 140r–v</div>, in another hand of <div data-from="1500" data-to="1599" class="tei-tag-date">saec.
XVI</div>, <div class="tei-tag-persName">Michael Agricola</div>’s translation of the Pentecost
sequence <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Sancti Spiritus assit nobis gratia</div> in Finnish (see
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Kurvinen 1929, 230</div>); defective at the end.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[140r]</div> Pyhen hengen armo olcon ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[140v]</div> O pyhe
wirgottaya. Sine |’</div>
</div>
<div data-n="3" class="tei-tag-msItem">
<div class="tei-tag-p">III: <div class="tei-tag-locus">fols. 141–194</div>. <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Ordinarium
missae</div></div>and a <div class="tei-tag-title">sequentiary</div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols, 141r–150v</div>, <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">ordinarium
missae</div></div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[141r]</div> Kyrieleyson, Christeleyson, Kyrieleyson. Gloria in excelsis
... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[150v]</div> ... Agnus dei qui tollis peccata mundi. Dona nobis
pacem.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 151r–177r, 179r–186v, 194v–r, 193v–r, 192v–r, 191v–r, 190v–r, 189v–r,
188v–r, 187 r–v</div>; <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">sequentiarium</div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">[151r]</div> Letabundus exultet fidelis ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[177r]</div> ... sic
erunt ordinum distincte. <div class="tei-tag-locus">[179r]</div> Superne martyris gaudia ...
<div class="tei-tag-locus">[186v]</div> ... Tu agnum regem terre <div class="tei-tag-locus">[194v]</div> dominatorem
moabitici de petra deserti ... perenni cremer igne <div class="tei-tag-locus">[187r]</div> inter oues
locum presta ... <div class="tei-tag-locus">[187v]</div> ... mereamus collocari gloria. Amen.’</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-locus">Fols. 177v and 178v</div> have blank staves, while on <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol.
178r</div> only the lines for margins have been ruled. Notation is lacking on
<div class="tei-tag-locus">fols. 172v–174r</div> (‘Congaudent angelorum chori ... supplici implorans
maria’), <div class="tei-tag-locus">174v–175r</div> (‘legis sacre peruersores ... gloriantur beatorum
anime. Amen’), <div class="tei-tag-locus">176r–177r</div> (‘<div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">De sancto Michaele</div>.
Laus erumpat ex affectu ... sic erunt ordinum distincte’), and <div class="tei-tag-locus">192v–r,
191v</div> (‘ipsi dicens in apocalipsi ... de fonte deitatis satiemur
plenius’).</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">Sequences for St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Henry</div> are on <div class="tei-tag-locus">fols.
160v–161r</div>.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">On <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol. 185r–v</div> the original hand (although it changes from
Semitextualis to a Hybrida of <div data-from="1500" data-to="1599" class="tei-tag-date">saec. XVI</div> on fol.
185v) added ‘A luporum faucibus et mortis ruina ... ad pastum bonum’. Perhaps the
same (rather Cursive Hybrida) hand of <div data-from="1500" data-to="1599" class="tei-tag-date">saec. XVI</div>
also added, under the notation for sequences for Corpus Christi ‘Lauda sponsa
genitricem ... ierarchia tecum communentium’ for <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">visitatio
Mariae</div>; under those for St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Erik</div>
‘Precursorem summi regis ... regnarum per secula, Amen’ for St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">John the Baptist</div>; and under those for St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Margaret</div>, ‘Odas in hac die letas ... transfer ad palacia’
for St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Catherine</div>. </div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">There are Lutheran changes to the words of <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Ave preclara maris
stella</div> on <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol. 186v</div> (‘Christus decus mundi rex regnorum’ for
‘Virgo decus mundi regina celi’)</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">On <div class="tei-tag-locus">fol. 188v</div>, a hand of <div data-from="1600" data-to="1699" class="tei-tag-date">saec.
XVII</div> has added, under ’[D]ies irae dies illa’ parts of the translation
‘Sanoi pietar domio päiwän wihan’ (after <div data-role="author" class="tei-tag-persName">Hemmingius
Henrici</div> of Masku’s <div class="tei-tag-title"><div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Yxi Vähä Suomenkielinen
Virsikirja</div></div> of <div class="tei-tag-date">1605(?)</div> (<div class="tei-tag-date">1614</div> according to
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Kurvinen 1929, 380</div>) (see scattered interlinear markings also on
<div class="tei-tag-locus">fols. 188r, 187r</div>). </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-physDesc">
<div data-form="codex" class="tei-tag-objectDesc">
<div class="tei-tag-supportDesc">
<div class="tei-tag-support">
<div class="tei-tag-material">Paper</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-extent"><div class="tei-tag-dimension">194 fols. <br/>19cm × 27,5cm (13-16cm × 18,5-24,5cm)</div></div>
<div class="tei-tag-foliation"><div class="tei-tag-p">Modern foliation in pencil in the upper-right-hand corners of
recto-sides.</div><div class="tei-tag-p">The openings (on fols. 1–125) of part I have been numbered
(from d I (–XII) to o V, which is the last marking visible, although the
numbering has probably extended to o XI – fol. 131). The numbering does not
reflect the structure of the manuscript, but indicates that there are 36 folia
missing from its beginning. The remains of six of these (five whole leaves and
the upper-inner corner of a sixth) are bound in at the beginning of Helsinki,
National Library, Aö II 29, in the order b iiii, b viii, b vii, b vi, b v. These
all come from the lost beginning of the book.</div></div>
<div class="tei-tag-collation">
<div class="tei-tag-p"><div class="tei-tag-formula">IV<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">8</div> + II<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">12</div> +
2VI<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">36</div> + IV<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">44</div> + V<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">54</div> + (IV–1)<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">61</div> + 2V<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">81</div> + VI<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">93</div> + I<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">95</div> + V<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">105</div> + 1 + VI<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">118</div> + (IV–1)<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">125</div> + II<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">127</div> + (V–1)<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">134</div>; III<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">140</div>; V<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">150</div> + (XI–1)<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">171</div> + (VI–1)<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">182</div> + II<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">186</div> + 2 + III<div data-rend="superscript" class="tei-tag-hi">194</div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-condition">><div class="tei-tag-p">In addition to the loss of folia from the beginning of the book, the
final eight folia of the manuscript have been bound in reverse order and partly
upside down: fols. 188–194 are upside down and read continuously from 194v to
188r. They are then followed by fol. 187, which is thus the final extant folio
of pt. III.</div><div class="tei-tag-p">The manuscript is a compilation made up of three parts: to
part I (fols. 1–134) leaves (a–f) from Helsinki, National Library, Aö.II.29 must
be added. Part II consists of a sole quire (fols. 135–140) and part III of fols.
141–194. The manuscript is in fairly good condition, aside from some staining
(especially pronounced on fol. 1 and fol. 141) and some water damage. Some of
the folia have been repaired with paper (the leaves in Aö.II.29 especially
heavily). The paper used by the other of the two scribes of part I (see below)
is clearly of different quality from that used exclusively by the other scribe:
the former is thicker, but it the ink has leached through it more easily than on
the latter.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">The proposed date is based on the watermarks in the manuscript (for preliminary
observations see already Keskiaho 2008b, 328 n. 31). <div class="tei-tag-watermark">The oldest of
the identified watermarks occur in part III (fols. 183 and 185; probably
identical with 183, 185 (PO 108213: Tallinn 1524) and only there. All of the
other identified watermarks in the manuscript (including part II) date from
between 1534 and 1543 (the watermark on fols. [a], [d], [e], 63, 65, 69, 71,
72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 192, 190 and 189 is probably
identical with PO 125963: Rügenwalde 1534; that on fols. 2, 4, 6, 8, 26, 31,
32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38,41, 42, 131, 132, 141 144, 146, 148, 149, 151, 154,
156, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 172, 173, 177, 179 and 181 with PO
1557379: Hapsal 1534; that on fols. 45, 48, 50, 52, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61 and 95
with PO 154549: Braunschweig 1543; that on fols. 135, 136 and 138 with PO
154802: Ronneburg, 1536). Unfortunately it has not been possible to date the
paper used exclusively by Scribe B in part I (fols. 9, 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22,
23, 24, 96, 99, 100, 103, 104, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115 and 117, a majuscule Y
with a downturned leaf-motif in its curved stem; cf. PO 30126; 30060; in
addition the watermark on fols. 120, 123, 124, 126, 129 and 134, a crown with
a bow with pearls and crosses, remains unidentified).</div> Thus while
it seems that part III may be slightly older than the folia copied by Scribe A
in part I, it is not possible to ascertain whether Scribe B worked on part I
before, together with, or after Scribe A.</div></div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-layoutDesc">
<div data-columns="1" class="tei-tag-layout">text and notation in one column, on 7–9 lines</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-handDesc">
<div class="tei-tag-p">In pt. I there are two main hands writing Gothic
Semitextualis and Hybrida (A, Semitextualis:
fols. [a–f], 1r–8v, 37r–61v, 94r–95v, and 106r–v; Hybrida: fols. 25r–36bv, 62r–93v,
and 119r–127v; and B, Hybrida: fols. 9r–24v, 96r–105v, 107r–108v). A somewhat later
hand has filled in or embellished passages written by Scribe A (see fols. 38r–39v,
127r–131v). The Textualis of Scribe A is close to the script of the so-called
Naantali-group of manuscripts (<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Keskiaho 2008b, 327–330, 340</div>).</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">In pt. II there is one main hand, writing <div data-from="1500" data-to="1599" class="tei-tag-date">saec.
XVI</div>
Cursive. The same hand copied hymns on the blank final
pages of part I.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-p">In pt. III there is one main hand, most probably the same as Scribe A of part I,
writing Gothic Textualis (in the <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">ordinarium missae</div>) and Semitextualis. Probably
the same scribe of <div data-from="1500" data-to="1599" class="tei-tag-date">saec. XVI</div> entered additions on
several folia in Hybrida.</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-musicNotation">I: Music has been copied in square notation on five red lines. II: Square
notes on four black lines. III: Square notes on four lines (red on fols. 141r–150v,
black on fols. 151–187v).</div>
<div class="tei-tag-decoDesc">
<div class="tei-tag-p"> </div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-bindingDesc">
<div class="tei-tag-p">A 19th-century quarter-leather binding in very bad shape. The back cover is
detached, and the binding is loose at places. When last bound, the leaves were
aggressively trimmed.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-decoNote"><div class="tei-tag-p">In pts. I and II red painted lombards for the beginnings of feasts (and
at times shorter units within a feast), pen-drawn initials decorated with red and
black diamond shapes and sawteeth and spikes. Pages copied by Scribe A have
decoration in the style of the so-called Naantali-group of manuscripts (on this
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Keskiaho 2008b, 333–335</div>), while the decoration of passages copied
by Scribe B (and probably also decorated with him) are best characterized as an
informal imitation of the style of the former. Also the most minor initials have
been touched with red, and there is consistent rubrication throughout. Only in pt.
III have the pen-drawn initials been left uncoloured and lombards and rubrics
unexecuted on fols. 168v, 181r, 183v–185r and 192v–187v. Part II is completely
monochromatic: there are spaces for the highest grade initials, but these have not
been executed. There are crude Gothic pen-drawn initials for the beginnings of
hymns, but these have not been coloured.</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-history">
<div class="tei-tag-origin">><div class="tei-tag-p">Part III, probably copied in the <div data-from="1530" data-to="1539" class="tei-tag-origDate">1530s</div>, may be the oldest of the constituent
parts of the present manuscript; in any case it was probably bound separately from
the other parts for some time, to judge by the dirt on its first folio. Part I was
created probably by the same scribe as part III, and another scribe who either
worked in concert with him or (more probably) worked before or after the first
scribe (this would explain his use of paper from different stock, and why he does
not more closely follow the style of Scribe B). If Scribe B worked before Scribe A,
then his portions of the present manuscript are likely older than part III.
</div><div class="tei-tag-p">Given the stylistic affinities of Scribe A’s work with the so-called
Naantali-group of manuscripts, he may have been an elderly member of the group that
produced those manuscripts in the <div data-from="1485" data-to="1499" class="tei-tag-date">late fifteenth century</div>, or (more probably) copied
an exemplar produced by that group (for if the original group was in fact connected
with the <div class="tei-tag-placeName">Birgittine house of Naantali</div>, the omission in the present manuscript of the
feast of St <div data-role="saint" class="tei-tag-persName">Birgitta</div> would be very odd indeed). Given that Scribe A (and probably
also Scribe B) worked after the beginning of the reformation, his work was highly
conservative, both in content and in style. </div><div class="tei-tag-p">Not necessarily long after part I
was finished, Lutheran hymns were copied on its blank final leaves, at least one
quire (probably at least two) attached to it, and a small gradual was copied on
these leaves, forming part II of the present manuscript. The copy of <div class="tei-tag-persName">Michael
Agricola</div>’s sequence translation in part II must postdate its publication in print in
<div data-from="1544" class="tei-tag-origDate">1544</div>, but the independence of the <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">ordinarium missae</div> from <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Een liten sångbook</div> suggests that it was not copied much after
the publication of the latter in <div class="tei-tag-date">1553</div>.</div></div>
<div class="tei-tag-provenance"><div class="tei-tag-p">In the <div data-from="1800" data-to="1899" class="tei-tag-date">nineteenth century</div> the two books
(parts I+II and III) were found in Ilmajoki church and probably rebound at that
time. They were both in bad shape: the last quire(s) of part II were missing, and
much of the beginning of part I. The original missing leaves from the beginning of
part one were eventually bound in another book from Ilmajoki, perhaps because they
had at some point been placed inside it for preservation. At this stage part III,
which was also probably in bad shape, to judge by the fact that its last quire has
been bound upside down, was united with parts I and II to form the present
manuscript.</div></div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-listBibl">
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Jesse Keskiaho (2005a), ‘Bortom fragmenten: Handskriftsproduktion och boklig kultur i det medeltida Åbo stift’, <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Historisk Tidskrift för Finland</div> 93 (2008), 209–252, at 238.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Jesse Keskiaho (2005b), ‘En grupp handskrifter fån slutet av 1400-talet – från Nådendals scriptorium?’, <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Historisk Tidskrift för Finland</div> 93 (2008), 318–350.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Aarno Malin, <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Der Heiligenkalender Finnlands. Seine Zusammnesetzung und Entwicklung</div> (Suomen kirkkohistoriallisen seuran toimituksia 20), Helsingfors 1925, 129–130.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Olav D. Schalin, <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Kulthistoriska studier till belysande av reformationens genomförande i Finland</div>, I, Herlsingfors 1946, 9–10.</div>
<div class="tei-tag-bibl">Ilkka Taitto, <div data-rend="italic" class="tei-tag-hi">Documenta Gregoriana. Latinalaisen kirkkolaulun lähteitä Suomessa</div>, Helsinki 1992, 351–354.</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-respStmt">
<div class="tei-tag-resp">Cataloguer</div>
<div class="tei-tag-persName">Jesse Keskiaho</div>
</div>
<div class="tei-tag-publicationStmt">
<div class="tei-tag-publisher">Finnish Literature Society (SKS)</div>
<div class="tei-tag-publisher">Codices Fennici</div>
<div class="tei-tag-date" data-when="2016"> </div>
<div data-status="free" class="tei-tag-availability">
<div class="tei-tag-licence">CC XX</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>