Stockholm, National Library, A 49. <hi rend="italic">Nådendals klosterbook</hi> Cataloguer Ville Walta Finnish Literature Society (SKS) Codices Fennici Creative Commons BY 4.0 Stockholm National Library A 49 Nådendals klosterbook I: saec. XV1, Vadstena abbey; II: saec. XV2,Naantali monastery Legends, spiritual texts, and prayers

I: Legends

Fols. 1r–61v: Legend of St Ansgar (Sancti Ansgarii hälgha lifwerne). Ed. Geete 1902, 3–92.

[1r] Hær børias sancti ansgarii hælgha lifwerne huilkom vi æghom storlika thakkæ for thy han var thæn første som I danmark oc j swerike prædikadhe oc lærdhe the hælgha thro. Vaar hælghe fadher sanctus ansgarius ... [61v] ... Oc thom hælgha anda Amen. Hær ær lyktadh sancti ansgarii hælgha lifwerne som i suerike oc danmark først prædikadhe the hælgha tro. Thy bidhin for hanom som thætta skreff, Oc for hanom som theta vppa suen swænsko vænde, glømen ey hanom som idhir thet sænde, thet thiggia the gerna i ihu xpri hedhir, the bidhia oc gerna fore allom idhir (fol. 62 is blank).

Fols. 63r–102v: Legend of St Gregory of Armenia (Legenden om Gregorius af Armenien). Ed. Kleming 1860, 259–325.

[63r] Hær six aff thæs helgha herrans pino sancti gregorii af armenia huru han var pinadhir ok hwat vndirlikom thingom gudh giordhe meth hanom. Ok hans hystoria biscriwas ok six i thessom syw bokom som hær fylgha epte. Ok byrias thy swa førsta bokin. Thet var j lanzskape the som Parthia hæter ... [102v] ... them helgha anda ee for vtan ænda Amen. Explicit hystoria sancti gregorii de Armenia. (In the lower margin: ‘Orate pro me t(?) Orate pro me’)

Fols. 102v–108r: <hi rend="italic">Formula honeste vite sancti Bernardi</hi>. Ed. Wieselgren 1866, 267–276. The text is a translation of a Pseudo-Bernardine work.

[102v] Incipit formula honeste vite sancti bernardi [103v] Nota: Theta scref sanctus bærndardus enom sinom kloosterbrodher ok eygh aat enast hanom enom vtan magnum andrum til kiænnedom. O kiæraste brodhir. Thu bedhis aff mik thet Jak aldrigh ... [108r] ... Akta ensæmpnam gudh. Om vaar herra xpm Amen. Hær lykts høfwisks lifwerne skipan ælla maata diktadh af sancto bernardo. In lower margin: ‘nimis stricte secutus fui textum in hac translatione’ (108v blank apart from some probationes pennae).

Fols. 109r–169v: <hi rend="italic">Barlaams och Josapaths saga</hi>. Contains a draft of the text (fols. 109r–121r, 131r–169v) and the beginning of a transcribed version (fols. 122r–130v). The text of the draft is not in the correct order, and there are several notes in the margins indicating which text is to be placed where. Ed., in a reconstructed order, in Klemming 1887–1889, 3–107.

(Draft) [109r] [Ä]ptir wars helara ihu xpi pino ... [120v] ... wppelika oc ingin wet sin tima ... [121r] barlam swaradhen utan jak uw røner ... sigha thic en liknilse aff ... (121v is blank) [131r] ... Josapath saghde Min kær fadher sik mik thin ... [169v] ... the storlika oc lofwadho gudh for all thing, amen.

(Beginning of the transcription) [122r] Æphir war helara ihu xpi pino ... [130v] ... oc kærlek til sin ochiolt.

II: Leechbook, legends, prayers, and spiritual texts.

Fols. 170r–177v: A leechbook (Läke och örta boken) (imperf.), ed. Klemming 1883–1886, 153–162.

[170r] Thus rökilse thet ær heet ok tørt ... [177v] ... item staphisagria meth olio |

Fols. 178r–188v: Meditations on and prayers to Christ and the Virgin Mary. Ed. Geete 1904–1905, 349–378; Geete 1907–1909, 260, 274.

[171r] Ihu xpi oc hans ærofulla moodher iungru maria ... [188v] ... nw ok æ for uthan ændha Amen. Virgo sancta suscipe, mentis in conclavi / verbis quibus veniam, totiens rogaui / Et audito sepius, Ave tam suaui / Fac me quiso liberam, prorsus a ue gravi.

Fols. 189r–209r: The story of the Seven Wise Masters / <hi rend="italic">Sju vise mästare</hi> (<hi rend="italic">De septem sapientibus</hi>). Ed. Klemming 1887–1889, 175–218.

[189r] Hær byrias de septem sapientibus. I Rom war en keisaren fordhom daghum ... [209r] ... siælin belff thet star til gudh Amen.

Fols. 209v–210v: Legend of a monk who saw a vision of paradise and purgatory (<hi rend="italic">Om en munk, som fick skåda paradise och skärselden</hi>). Ed. Geete 1902, 264–268.

[209v] [E]nom mwnk I Rom ... [210v] ... sculd wardhe nadhugher allom.

Fols. 211r–218v: Prayers for Jesus and Maria. Ed. Geete 1907–1909, 83–87, 178–180, 176–178 (fols. 211r–215v) and Klemming 1881–1882, 49–54, 45–48 (fols. 214–218); Kleming 1860, XXXI (fol. 218v).

[211r] Hær byrias then fæmthan böner. [O] søthe ihu xpe awerdelikin søtme, jac helsar oc sighnar thic ... [218v] ... mina liff dhagha Amen (followed by a protective litany attributed to Pope Clemens, in which the name Thord is mentioned).

Fols. 219r–220v: Legend of a virgin who had a vision on the journey back from Jerusalem (imperf.). Ed. Geete 1902, 260–264.

[219r] Thet war en wælburin jungfru mykit digdelikan til gudz ... [220v] ... i synom sinnom oc til hoghen |

Fols. 221r–235v: On the Fifteen Places of Relevance for the Passion. (<hi rend="italic">Om de 15 i Christi pinohistoria märkliga ställen, dem jungfru Maria besökte under de 15 år hon öfverlefde sönen</hi>) (imperf.)

[221r] Æpthær thæn timen waar here ihesus Cristus war ... [235v] ... oc tha waaro the j ærone |

Fols. 236r–237r: Betraktelser och böner. Ed. Geete 1907–1909, 357, 70–72 (fols. 236v–237r). Geete 1900, 285–286 (fol. 237v).

[236r] Thetta æru san ødhmiukz tekn. San ødhmiucht ær al tidh rædhas gudh ... [236v] ... sin løn oc gudhz nadh. [237r] Jac helsar thik sannan ihu likama ... vtan dagh fran dagh recte.

On fol. 236v: A prayer for St Anna: Vælsignadh vari thu sancta anna ...

A note on St Birgitta: Nota in quidam littera wlgari patrie ydiomate scripta a beata domina birgitta ... Jac birgitta birghis dottor (ed. Klemming 1860, XXXIII).

[237v] (instructions for penance) Thessa puncta skal klærkin spøria then siuka I soto sæng ... Item ær thet swa at thik kombir i hogh (fol. 238 is blank).

Fols. 239r–248v: Legend of St Germanus, archbishop of Auxerre.

[239r] Germanus antisiodorensis archaepisocpus. I then napnkunnogha stadh som heter antisiodorus ... [248v] ... i iærnteknom oc æro Amen (249r is blank).

Fols. 249v–257v: Humble steps (<hi rend="italic">Ödhmiwktinna Trappo</hi>); Swedish fragments from Heinrich Suso’s <hi rend="italic">Gudeliga snilles väckare</hi> (<hi rend="italic">Horologium divinae sapientiae</hi>). Ed. Bergström 1868–1870, 449–460.

[249r] Nw ær mærkiande at tolf ærw ødhmiwktinna trappo ... [251r] Fore paaska høgtiid naar ytarste naatward ... [253r] (prayer) O ihu xpi liwaanda gudz brwdh ... [254r] (Gudeliga snilles väckare) En sighir gudhlik snille at hwilkin som vil ... [255r] Af ondz oc godz reenliuismanz tekn. Dylsk oc slio reenliwiis mæniskia ... [256r] At likna sik xpi pino. Gudhlik snille saghde sinom känneswen ... [257r] af heluitis pinom. Gudhlik snille tedhe sinom kenneswen ...

(Fol. 252 is added separately; it also handles the Christ’s crucifixion treated on fol. 251 and 253.)

Fols. 258r–268v: Legends (imperf.). Ed. Geete 1902, 254–258 (fols. 267–268).

[258r] Legenda et vita sanctarum siue tam virginum quam mulierum de mense Ianuaris Inchoabitur in Hoc quaternio. Ad laudens et gloriam vivientis in secula seculorum. [258v] (a guide to the expansion of some common abbreviations; edited in Carlquist 2002, 83) Then theta skal læsa som j thesso quaternione scriwat ær ... oc spar mykit perman tha theta til komber. [259r] Genouepha. Nokra digha ther æptir kom en storr høgtidhis ... [266v] ... sancte genouephe til ewerdelikit amine amen. [267r] Passio sancte macre virginis. I then tima ther the twe omille kesara ... [268v] ... han swaris thet giordhe |

 Paper (flyleaves and fols. 125–126, 130 parchment) i + 268 + i folios 14 22 Text area: I: c. 10,5 × 16,5; II: varies Foliation in ink in the upper margin (1–268); fols. 109–169 also have pagination in pencil in the lower margin. In the pagination, the draft has been marked with arabic numbers, and the incomplete finalised version with roman ones. i + (VI–1)11 + 3VI47 + (VIII–1)62 + 4IV94 + V104 + II108 + VI120 +1121 + (V–1)130 + II134 + 2V154 + IV162 + II166 + 1167 + I169; IV177 + VI-1188 + V198 + VI210 + IV218 + (II–2)220 + (VIII–1)235 + (III–3)238 + V248 + (IV+1)257 + 1258 + V268 + i. Catchwords visible in the lower margins on fol. 11v, 23v, 35v, 47v, 70v, 78v, 86v, 94v. Fols. 167 and 252 are inserted later on. Several folia at the beginning of the book have been damaged. Most folia are frayed around the edges and occasionally torn. The paper is dirtied in several places. Number of lines varies between different parts; one column, usually ruled (various methods of ruling). In part I prickings are often visible in the margins.

The book has several (up to fourteen) hands of saec. XV writing different levels of gothic cursive. In part I there are at least two hands that have been connected with brothers of Vadstena abbey. Fols. 1–62 and 109–169 are (mostly) written by one hand that has been identified as both Olaus Gunnari and Johannes Hildebrandi (Thorén 1942, 176–184; Henning 1960, 154–157; Ståhl 1998, 38–39). Fols. 63–108 are written by one hand; Klockars (1979, 83–84) has suggested that the scribe could be the Vadstena brother Thörnerus Andreae. The identification is based on the sign, appearing after a prayer request, that has been interpreted as the letter ‘t’ (fol. 102v).

In part II there are several other hands that have not yet been identified. Geete (1904–1905, XIX) suggests the manuscript may have been taken back to Vadstena at some point to be completed, but this does not seem likely.

Fol. 218v: the protective litany mentions the name Thord: ‘libera me famulum tuum thordonem ab omnibus hiis peccatis Amen’.

In part I, apart from the draft, rubrics and simple lombardic initials in red; often also emphasis of majuscules in red. In the second part of the book the decoration and its execution varies from section to section. Occasionally there are lombards and rubrics in red, occasionally there is no decoration at all.

Wooden boards with plain brown leather covers. The spine has been rebacked. A strap-and-pin clasp was attached to the edge of the front cover with the pin at the center of the back board. Parchment leaves from an English psalter of saec. XII were pasted to the front and back covers (see Bolton – Hedström 2012); the leaves are still present but have come loose.

The manuscript includes a compilation of texts written during saec. XV, presumably in two separate places. The first part of the book (fols. 1–169) was written at Vadstena abbey during the first half of saec. XV and donated to the monastery at Naantali – presumably in 1442 with the arrival from Vadstena of Brother Laurentius Haquini who is named in the text. The second part of the book contains various sections most likely written in Naantali during the second half of saec. XV. That the latter part of the book was composed from different independent collections of text also seems to be supported by the fact that there are ownership markings on several folia (109r, 170r and 239r). The differences can also be seen in the structure of the manuscript, which becomes very heterogeneous after the first part. The second part exhibits a large number of hands writing their own, often short, texts.

The section written in Vadstena contains on fols. 109r–121r, 131r–169v a draft of the text with several corrections and over-linings. A transcription of a fair copy was begun on fol. 122r–130v. It is uncertain why such an unfinished version was sent to Naantali.

The book belonged to the Birgittine monastery of Naantali. The first part of the book arrived from Vadstena, presumably in 1442 with Vadstena brother Laurentius Haquini; fol. 109r, upper margin: ‘Nadendals closterbok medh brodher laurens haquini’; fol. 170r, upper margin: ‘Nadhendals closters book’; fol. 239r, upper margin: ‘Nadhendals clostersbok’.

First parchment flyleaf verso: ‘Syster cristin härmannszdottor äghir mik ok hon nyttar mik ille’. The text refers to Christina Hermansdotter who entered Vadstena abbey in 1392 and lived there until her death in 1454. It is uncertain whether the ownership marking is connected with the texts contained in the first section of the manuscript or whether it refers to something else (Bolton – Hedström 2012, 293).

After the monastery was closed, the book came to Turku where it was found by Elias Brenner in Turku Cathedral and brought in 1671 to the Archive of Antiquities in Stockholm. On the first flyleaf verso there is a note stating that the book was lent to Uppsala, from where it was returned – after more than 30 years – to Stockholm in 1849. The shelf-mark of the National Library of Sweden is on the inside of the front cover and the stamp of library on the recto side of the first flyleaf.

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