Turku, Library of Åbo Akademi, D 71/162. <hi rend="italic">Liber Ecclesiae Tammelensis</hi> Cataloguer Jesse Keskiaho Finnish Literature Society (SKS) Codices Fennici Creative Commons BY 4.0 Turku Library of Åbo Akademi D 71/162 Liber Ecclesiae Tammelensis I: c. AD 1596–saec. XVII1; II: saec. XVI2–XVII1; both parts, diocese of Turku (prov. Tammela). A Lutheran liturgical collection (digital facsimile: ).

Fol. [b] is a fragment of a sermon(?) in Swedish (saec. XVII)

--- ... Jsrael att the motte komm[a ... ] herrens ordh kom till ... them kasta, och satte ---

I: fols. 1–25 and 32–39(?)

Fols. 1r–9v, <hi rend="italic" >kyriale</hi> in Swedish.

[1r] Kyrie Eleison tempore Adventum Domini| ... Quadragesima, item diebus festis Apostolorum cantentur. Herre förbarma tigh ... [9v] ... Gudz fadhers härligheett. Amen. Sanctus et Agnus, item Benedicamus ut supra in precedenti folio.

Fols. 9v–13v, 14r–15r, <hi rend="italic">kyriale</hi> in Finnish.

[9v] In Summis festis Cantus. Herra armadha meidhen ... [13v] ... Ja maasa rauha. [14r] armadha meidhen päällem. Oo Jumalan ... [14v] ... mutta sinä herra [15r] meidhen Jumalan.

Fols. 15r–16r, the Nicaean Creed in Finnish, a later (saec. XVII1?) addition.

[15r] Credo in unum Deum. Minä uschon ydhen ... [16r] ... tuleuaisen Mailman elämätt. Amen.

Fol. 16r–v, another, still later addition: Hajonnut on laupius sinun hulistas (Magnificat-antiphon for vespers, Diffusa est gratia in labiis tuis, in Finnish; ed. Kurvinen - Hannikainen 2010, 115) and Kijttäkäm piendä poica / Jumalalle ijancaikciselle (the Christmastide Benedicamus-trope Benedicamus parvulo nato / Deo dicamus aeterno regi in Finnish; see Tuppurainen, forthcoming).

[16r] Hajonut on laupius sinu hulistas ... ijancaickisesta. Gloria Patri. Magnificat. Kijttäkäm piendä \poica/ Joca seimes maka ... [16v] ... loputa laupius[?] herralle. Deo dicamus (and in another hand:) aeterno regi etc. Jumalalle ijancaiciselle Jumalalle joca meidän ... lackamata kitos sanokam (followed by more or less illegible additions / directions in the same hand that added ‘aeterno regi’, etc. above).

Fol. 17r, Dixit Dominus and Nunc dimittis, in Swedish (possibly from Torstenius Johannis Rhyacander’s lost Psalter of 1602?; suggested by Tuppurainen in a personal communication).

[17r] Dixit Dominus Domino meo. etc. I hans församblingh ... låf han winner. Nunc Dimittis. Herre thijn tienare ... Altt e föruthan lude

Fol. 17v, a draft of the letter found on fol. 18v.

[17v] Min ganska venligh ... stora och mindre redgörninger.

Fol. 18r is blank.

Fol. 18v, a (draft of a) letter by Hans Mårthensen, concerning a loan, dated November 1618 at Saari manor.

[18v] Min ganska venligh ... Åhr 1618, Hans Mårthensen Arm.

Fols. 19r–25v, tonarium in Latin, incomplete; copied in 1596.

[19r] Scriptum Anno 96 a Thomasson Marci. Primi toni inuitatorium. Veniet exultemus Domino ... [25v] ... ira mea si in|.

Fols. 32r–39v, Lutheran <hi rend="italic" >graduale</hi>, with Te Deum in Latin (imperf.), O Gudh wij lofwe tig och bekenne tig (Te Deum in Swedish), O Jumala sinua me kijtämme (Te Deum in Finnish, after Jacobus Finno; Kurvinen 1929, 256 no. 4); O Gudh wij lofwe tig o Gudh wij tacke tig (rhymed Te Deum in Swedish), O Jumal sinua kijtäm (rhymed Te Deum in Finnish, after Jacobus Finno; Kurvinen 1929, 256 no. 5); sequences on the Apostles in Latin.

[32r] et laudamus nomen ... non confundar in aeternum. Oo Gud wij lofue tigh ... [33r] ... till ewig tidh. Oo iumala sinua ... [34v] ... ikenens ala tulla. [O]o gud wij loffwe ... [36r] ... till ewig tidh. Amen. O jumal sinua kiitäm ... [37v] häpiet pällem tuota. Amen n. n. n. Sequentia de omnibus Apostolis in genere (in the upper margin of the page) Coeli enarrant gloriam ... [39r] ... habitas rex in coelis. Amen. Item de Apostolis sequentia. Qui sunt isti qui uolant ... [39v] ... ... per secula. Amen.

II: fols. 40–55.

Fols. 40r–53r, Lutheran <hi rend="italic" >antiphonarium</hi> / <hi rend="italic" >sequentiarium</hi> / <hi rend="italic">hymnarium</hi>, <hi rend="italic">proprium de tempore</hi>, office for Christmas Day in Latin; Laetabundus, Alle Christne frögda sigh (Laetabundus in Swedish), Christus är födder (a Swedish translation of Christ kam vom Hymel published by Johannes Spannenberg in 1544; here without notation), Caicki Christityt iloitcan (Laetabundus in Finnish after Jacobus Finno; Kurvinen 1929, 282 no. 49); Christus alas astwi taiwast (a Finnish version of Christ kam vom Hymel, probably by way of the Swedish Christus är födder; here without notation in the version found in Mathias Westh’s Codex; Kurvinen 1929, 242–243 no. 6); office for St Michael the Archangel in Latin; Tigh wari lof och prijs (Tibi laus, salus sit Christe, in Swedish), Wariel Jumal sinun sanas (Martin Luther’s Erhalt vns, Herr, bey deinem Wort vnd steur des Bapsts vnd Türcken Mord in Finnish; the rubric refers to Johannes Stigelius’s Latin translation of the hymn, utilised by Jacobus Finno, whose version is the one in the present manuscript; Kurvinen 1929, 304 no. 86); Latin hymns for Christmas offices and mass.

[40r] Historia in die nativitatis domini nostri Ihesu Christi. Rex pacificus magnificatus ... [47r] ... Sequentia in Natiuitate Domini: et duabus diebus sequentibus: Item in Circumcisione Domini et in Epiphania. Laetabundus. [47v] Laetabundus exultet fidelis ... [48r] ... ipsum genuit puerpera. Alleluja. Alle Christne frögda sigh ... [49r] ... medh skriftenne bewisas kan. Cantio breuis et pia de Christi Natiuitate. Christus är födder af ... dödh och pynd. Caicki Christityt iloitcan ... [50r] ... ramat sen kyllä osotta. Alleluja. Christuxen syndymäst lyhy ia Jumalinen virsi. Christus alas astwi taiwast ... Ja ijancaickisest tuskast. [50v] Festo Michaelis Archangeli Hymnus. Tibi Christe splendor patris ... Extat ante Secula. Amen. Versiculus. Stetit Angelus juxta aram ... in manu sua. Alius Hymnus. Dicimus gratus tibi ... [51r] ... obsecramus pectore toto. Amen. Tigh wari lof och ... herre gudh Zebaoth. [51v] (without notation) Serua Deus. Mariel Jumal sinun sanas ... paidzi sinua ychtä, Amen. [52r] IN VIGILIA NATIVITATIS Domini ad Vesperas. Hymnus petitorius et Enchomisticus Autore Ambroso. Veni redemptor gentium ... et in perpetuum. Versiculus. Tanquam Sponsus ... thalamo suo. Alius. Benedictus qui venit ... et illuxit nobis [52v] IN NATALI DOMINI AD MATVtinum Hymnus, eiusdem metri cum superiore. Christe redemtor omnium ... Gloria tibi domine, etc. Versiculus. Verbum caro ... in nobis. DE NATIVITATE Christi hymnus Eucharisticus. Carmen est Trochaicum, Iambjcus Archilochicus, Acatalecticum et Catalecticum, alternatim currens. Sumtum ex Hymno Prudentij, Cujus est initium Da puer plectrum. Corde natus ex parentis ... [53r] ... Regnum aeternaliter, Amen. Seculorum seculus.’

Fols. 53r–55r, Lutheran <hi rend="italic" >antiphonarium</hi> / <hi rend="italic" >sequentiarium</hi> / <hi rend="italic">hymnarium</hi>, proprium de tempore, hymns in Latin for Eastertide, as well as Jesus Christus uhrix meille (Victimae Paschali laudes in the Finnish of Jacobus Finno; Kurvinen 1929, 290 no. 62), Christus nousi ylös cuoleman haudast (a Finnish translation of the Swedish Christus är vpstånden aff dödha, in the version found in Mathias Westh’s Codex; Kurvinen 1929, 245, no. 9) and office for Easter (without notation).

[53r] Hymnus qui in feriis paschatos Canitur. Vita sanctorum decus ... [53v] ... et terra laetentur. Alleluia. Ad matutinas versiculus. Resurrexit Dominus, alleluia. Sicut dixit uobis, alleluia. Jesus Christus uhrix meille ... [54r] ... hänen päällens. Alleluja. Christus nousi ylös cuoleman haudast ... weisatcam. Alleluj Kyrieleison. [54v] Te christe adoramus ... Vespere ... Matutina ... [55r] ... Nonus ... τέλος.

On fol. 50r a hand of saec. XVII has added in the lower margin: ‘Christus on syndynyt Neitzyest ... ia cuolemas cautta’, a Finnish translation of the Swedish Laetabundus-version Alle Christne frögde sigh j thenna högtijdh (Kurvinen 1929, 410–414).

Fol. 55v has a number of pen-trials, e.g. ‘vivere precor, sed ... vivus vita Deo’.

 Paper 55 folios Fols 1–25, 32–39: 15,5 × 20 (13–14 × 15–17); fols. 26–31: 14 × 20,5 (11 × 15–15,5); fols. 40–55: 17 × 21 (13 × 15,5). Modern foliation in pencil in the upper right-hand corners of recto-sides. 2[b] + (III–1)5 + III13 + (II–1)16 + I18 + (IV–1)25; III31; IV39; IV47 + IV55

There are lacunae between fols. 13 and 14, and 25 and 26, and many pages are stained and frayed along the edges.

The manuscript probably comprises at least two distinct parts: I, fols. 1–25 and 32–39; II: fols. 40 – 55, possibly more (possibly fols. 1–16 and 18 and fols. 31–39 should be seen as two parts distinct from pt. I). Fols. 26–31 belonged originally to what is now Turku, Library of Åbo Akademi, D 71/161.

 One column, nine lines of notation. Aside from the staves, no discernible ruling other than fols. 40–55, which are blind-ruled, and fols. 26–31 (which belong to D71/161), which are ruled in ink.

Varieties of Gothic Cursive by several different scribes of saec. XVI, additions in hands of saec. XVII (fols. 15–16, 17–18).

Decadent square notation on four black lines, and square mensural notation on four black lines (fols. 34v–37v); mensural notation of saec. XVII on five (black) lines (15r–16r).

Monochromatic pen-drawn initials of different sizes, the highest grade modestly flourished; the initials of songs are of various types, mostly pen-drawn Gothic versals decorated with diamond shapes. Rubrics usually distinguished only by their larger size.

Modern binding of blue cardboard, with a label pasted to the spine reading ‘Liber Ecclesiae Tammelensis’.

A Lutheran liturgical collection, comprising what were originally probably distinct fragments of a gradual and an antiphonary. The earliest parts of the former appear to have been copied c. 1596 and added to at the beginning of the seventeenth century; the latter seems to be of similar date. These manuscripts were used in Tammela, where they may well have been copied.

Fol. 1r: ‘Liber Ecclesiae Tammelensis’, and in a somewhat later hand ‘(skrifven 1596)’ and ‘(af år 1596)’

Fol. [b]v: ‘G. I. L. Rym[ättylensis?]’. Probably not (at least given the apparently completely different patronymic) Georgius Martini Lepus, curate at Tammela in 1581–1602 (see Leinberg 1903, 208).

The draft letter on fols. 17v and 18v, signed in 1618 by Hans Mårthensen Arm at the manor of Saari (probably the one in Tammela) also indicates that the book (or one of its parts) was in early use at Tammela.

Given the date of this manuscript, the early-sixteenth-century curate of Tammela, Peder Kurck, cannot have been involved in the introduction of this book to the parish (pace http://bibbild.abo.fi/Tammela/liber/index.htm).

The curate of Tammela, Nils Magnus Tolpo, brought them to Turku in 1826 in response to the cathedral chapter’s request for the older books of parishes to be sent for inspection. The book was returned to Tammela but appears to have been deposited by Tolpo in the library of the Turku Swedish Lyceum in 1834 (Schalin 1946, 5–6, 10, 15; Schybergson 1939, 10, 17). That library was transferred to Åbo Akademi after the institute’s foundation in 1918.

Inside front cover in pencil: ‘100, 1 Liber Ecclesiae Tammelensis 1596 B:3’ and the current shelfmark ‘D3/162’ and ‘16’. A paper sticker reading ‘GYMNASIUM I ÅBO tillhörig’. On the front flyleaf a blue stamp with the legend ‘LYCEUM ÅBO 1810’.

 Olav D. Schalin, Kulthistoriska studier till belysande av reformationens genomförande i Finland, vol. 1, Herlsingfors 1946, 45–46. C. M. Schybergson, ’Anteckningar om Svenska Klassiska Lyceets i Åbo bibliotek’, Nordisk Tidskrift för bok- och biblioteksväsen 24 (1939), 7–22. Erkki Tuppurainen, forthcoming, ‘Liturgiska sånger på latin i finsk- och svenskspråkiga versioner från åren omkring 1600’. Erkki Tuppurainen - Jorma Hannikainen, Suomenkielisiä kirkkolauluja 1500–1600-luvuilta (Sibelius-akatemia, Kirkkomusiikin osaston ja Kuopion osaston julkaisuja, vol. 33), Helsinki 2010. Encoding added