Stockholm, National Library, B 152 (olim. Cod. f.d. von Engström). Magnus Eriksson’s <hi rend="italic">Landslag</hi> Cataloguer Ville Walta Finnish Literature Society (SKS) Codices Fennici Creative Commons BY 4.0 Stockholm National Library B 152 Cod. f.d. von Engström 1459, Sweden(?) (Diocese of Turku) Magnus Eriksson's <hi rend="italic" >Landslag</hi>

Fol. 2r: Joh. 1:1–14.

[2r] Inicium sancti Ewangeli secundum johannem. In principio erat verbum ... et veritatis Deo gratias. Per ewangelica dicta deleantur mea delicta amen.

Fol. 2v: Notes concerning time and the position of the sun relating to the calendar.

[2v] I hwariom xiiii dagha lengis daghen een thima oc j hwariom xiii dagha stekkis daghen een thima ... skal cloccan sla ix tha hon bryghas ii.

Fols. 3r–8v: Calendar (written by the main hand) with feasts specific for the diocese of Turku (for example, Dedicatio ecclesiae aboensis (17 June) and Translatio Henrici (18 June)). Ed. Malin 1925. Fol. 9r: a table of the golden numbers.

Fol. 9v: Instructions for jurors (nämpden). Ed. Beckman 1917, 121.

[9v] J tolff dandemen som nw äre satte j nämpdenne ... här edher siäla wadha.

Fol. 10r: On swearing an oath (main hand). Ed. Beckman 1917, 120.

[10r] Hwilken som swär eedh pa book, han swär edhin i triggia handa ... som mik är nw fore laghdir. Hwilken man falst swär a book merke här ... hawer scriptet sigh oc taghit oppenbara boot oc bätringh. (A prohibition against taking another man’s cause) Och ingen taghe annars manz talan ... man bredhe widh sigh.

Fol. 10v: Östergötalagen, Bygda balk 36:2–3. Cf. Collin – Schlyter 1830, 223.

[10v] Nw ganger man epther älghe dywrum ... annars mans hunda ta agher hwndir halffwan mans loth. (After this a note by a hand of saec. XVI 'Jwlfreden gåår in åm Jwll affthon nähr affthon sångh ähr siunghen ... ').

Fols. 11r–20r: Södermannalagen, prologue and kyrkobalk. Last article missing (although the article number has been marked in the margin). Another hand added UplL. Kyrko.B. 22 at the end of the book. Ed. Schlyter 1838, 4–45.

[11r] Gudh alzwaldoghir himils oc iordha ... och then helghe ande. Amen. Kyrko balker. (index) Först wm kyrkio bygning ... [11v] Hwar cristin man som cristit nampn wil bära skall ... [20r] ... böte iii marker twa biscoppe ena malsighiande.

Fols. 20v–110v: Magnus Eriksson’s <hi rend="italic">Landslag</hi> with an index before each chapter. Partly defective due to missing leaves after fols. 70 and 78. This has led to lacunae in Köpmala balk 8–9, index to Thingsmala balk and index to Edsöres balk. Ed. Schlyter 1862, 1–371.

[20v] (index) Um swerikas konungx rike ... [21v] Eth konungx rike som heit swerighe hawir ... [30v] ... dombrwtum konungx haffwa. (a note in the lower margin refers to an addition found on fol. 115v) [31r] Gipta balker (index) Först hwru man skal sigh konu bidhia ... [31v] Vill man sigh konu bidhia ... [36r] ... Är han mine giälde ater som wart är. Amen. [36v] Erffda balker (index) Um bonde döör eller ... Döör bonde eller hwstru oc ära ther barn ... [40v] ... tha skal arffuet standa til thes han komber. (Later addition) som arffwa skall nu en man wed ey hans ... haffwi biskoper kwngs ret i forskreffne saak. [41r] (Jordha balker, index) Först wm fäm lagha fang ... [41v] Fäm ärw laghafang iordha i swerighis lagh ... [48v] ... äghe iordhäghande anladha allan. (bigninga balker, index) Hwru bonder ägha by byggia ... [49v] Nw wilia bonder by aff nyo biggia ... [69r] ... ty som skils j tiwffua balkenom. Köpmala balker. (Index) Um lösöra köp ... Köpir man aff androm höffwat ellir klöffwat ... [70v] (balk 8) ... oc loses ey ater tha| [71r] (Tingx balker, index) ... inne affradh ellir tyundh tha ... Nw skal laghman wälias tha skal biscopper ... [78v] ... när ware wtan han förfall hawi. Edzöres balker. (Index) Först än noghor gör heem ... (index) tingx wägh ellir kykio wägh | [79r] (edzöres balk, balk 1) ... faarnöte the hawa brutit edzöret ... [86r] ... ellir blodhwite wari ogilt. Högmälis balker (index). Först wm mordh hwat hälder ... [86v] Myrdhir madhir ellir kona man ... [89r] ... oc swari hwar sins lastom. Drapmala balker medh wilia. (Index) Först än skilnadhir komber manna ... [90r] Nw komber skilnadhir manna mellan dräpir ... [95v] ... annan maalsäghande oc tridhia häradhe. Draapp medh wadha. (Index) Först än man hugger aat manne oc annor ... [96r] Hwgger madhir aat manne wardhir annar fore ... [98r] ... han til medh wem witnom oc xij manna edhe. [98v] Sarmaall medh wilia. (Index) Först hwru man skal annan til sara ... Nw wil man annan til sara binda ... [101v] ... malsäghanden een sammen oc hwarte konungh ellir häradhe. [102r] Saramaal medh wadha (Index) Hugger man aat adhrom oc ... Hugger man aat adhrom oc wardhir annar ... [103v] ... wari sigh medh sex manna edhe. (Tiwffwa balker, index) Först wm man stiäl ... [104v] Stiäl man annars manz fää nööt ellir swiin ... [110v] ... och theth wari konungx eensak. (Followed by the scribe’s colophon quoted below). (Fol. 111r is blank).

Fols. 111v–114r: Gårdsrätt (by the same hand as the Landslag); cf. Beckman 1919, 39–43.

[111v] Hwilkin man annan slaar j häll miste liiff ... [114r] ... hans ridderskapp höffwingzmen och swena liggia etc. Explicit etc. uxa hwdh til löna.

Fols. 114v–115r: Additions by hands of saec. XV.

[114v–115r] (On severe offences (högmalis ogerningar); cf. Beckman 1917, 52–53) Somlighe äre tha synder som är olofflighe aff sigh sielffua ... openbarlige wttrykkes i kirku balken i xv capital etc.

[115r] (an undated letter by Klas Pedersson Fleming (lagman of Finland 1402–1427)) Alle the theta breff höre heller see ... the godz helsth liggia kan. Amen.

Fol. 115v–117v: Additions to the laws, for example, UplL. KgB. 10 (saec. XVI?). Cf. Schlyter 1834, 83–86, 98.

[115v] xxxiiij Item theta capitel bör ath sta sisth i konunghis balchen nästh äpter thiuffua balken. Um alla konungx utgerdhr skal xiiij natta budh for koma ... [117r] ... och medh xl mark och ther til är skipwistena. Thetta capitel bör ath sta sisth kirkio balken. xxij. Iwir the mall nw wptaälias äghä ... [117v] ... halffue then the fella wilia.

Fols. 118r–123v: An unfinished alphabetical register to the law (imperf., letters A–K).

 Parchment 123 folios and two unnumbered paper flyleaves 15 20 10,5-11 14-14,5 Modern foliation in the upper right margin in ink; starts from the first parchment leaf. i + 7V70 + (V-2)78 + 3V108 + IV116 + (IV-1)123 + i Catchwords partly visible in the lower margins of the last leaf’s verso side. Quire signatures usually marked in the inner lower margin. The quire signatures have been inserted later, as is evident from the presence of such a signature in the quire missing its outermost bifolium. The outermost bifolium (fols. before 71 and after 78) of quire number 8 has been removed. This has created lacunae after fols. 70 and 78. The overall condition of the manuscript is good. Some of the leaves are darkened by dirt, and there are a few small holes. One column with 29 lines. Prickings are visible in the outer margins.

One main hand writing a steady and trained gothic cursive. The manuscript was written in 1459 by Olavus from Vikstad. Fol. 110v: ‘Thenne book børiadhis manedaghin epter dominicam judica [12/3] oc lyktadhis pa sancti iohannis dagh ante portam latinam [6/5] anno domini mcdlix per manus olaui scriptoris natus (sic) in parochia wixstedhe j norunda häradhe’.

A hand of saec. XVI has written some notes on the contents of the articles in the margins. A few hands of late saec. XV or early XVI have added certain sections and an alphabetical registry on the empty leaves.

At the beginning of chapters, five- or six-line lombards in red pen-flourished with red and black; occasionally this decoration include faces (fol. 104v). At the beginning of the indices black initials (similar to those found in music manuscripts) decorated with pen-drawn flourishing in red and black (some featuring faces (fol. 31r)). At the start of articles, simple red lombards, usually two lines high.

Rubrics and highlighting of majuscules done in red. Chapter headings in red in the upper margin. Article numbers and short notes on the contents in red in the outer margin.

A renovated binding of dark brown calf over wooden boards. Blind tooling to the edges of both covers. A diamond-shaped form in red on both covers. Modern(?) paper pastedowns. No signs of clasps.

The manuscript contains Magnus Eriksson’s <hi rend="italic">Landlag</hi> written in 1459 by a well-practiced Swedish scribe who needed a little less than two months to complete the job (providing that the dates he reports in his colophon are accurate). Beckman (1917, 114) suggests that the copying may have taken place in Finland(?). This cannot be ascertained, but the manuscript may well have been ordered by a Finn, since at the beginning there is a calendar by the same scribe with several features that point to the diocese of Turku. This might indicate that the manuscript was written for a layman in the diocese.

The manuscript contains a calendar with features pointing towards the diocese of Turku (for example, dedicatio ecclesie aboensis (17 June) and Translacio Henrici (18 June). However, some feast-dates typical for Turku are missing and the feasts of St Henrik and Sts Fabian and Sebastian were, at first, been placed in the wrong order. Malin (1925, 113–114) points out that these mistakes and omissions are probably due to the fact that the scribe was a Swede and the manuscript intended for a lay audience. This may also explain why the calendar was not updated even though the manuscript remained in use in the sixteenth century.

Certainly the manuscript was in Finland by mid-saec. XVI, as is shown by the arms of Henrik Clausson Horn af Kankais, who held the office of chief judge in southern Finland 1549–1560 (see fol. 1v; Beckman (1917, 112)). After he left office, or possibly even sometime before then, the manuscript was passed along, and later donated by the bailiff of the Turku castle, Simon Thomesson, to Lasse Andersson, a burgher from Turku in 1561: ‘Thenne boken bleff skänckt Simonn Thomesonn til Kappelstrand. Ther näst wart hon giffinn lasse Andersson bårgare i abo aff Simon Thomesson Anno 61’ (fol. 1v). Bailiff Simon Thomesson [till Kappelstrand] was the bailiff of Turku Castle in 1561 and is mentioned in Gustav Vasa’s Registry for 1551 (Grandlund et al. 22, 376; Almquist 1922–1923, 219). A Lasse Andersson is mentioned as part of the city council, for example, in 1560 (Granlund et al. 29, 866). The manuscript also mentions another bailiff who had possibly held the manuscript at an earlier date: ‘thett hauer jak giuitth min gode wän mons ivarsson’ (fol. 1v). Bailiff of Northern Finland (1549–1552) Måns Ivarsson is mentioned in several letters from 1551 (Almquist 1922–1923, 163).

In 1810 the manuscript was given to Count Lars von Engström (his ex libris is found on the inner front cover) in 1810 by ‘Grefve Måns Stenbock’. Before him the manuscript had belonged to ‘Kammarjunkare C. U. Gadde’ . First flyleaf: ‘Detta mycket wackra och för ett Bibliotek wigtiga Manuskript förärader uti Orebro den 24 Augusti 1810 åt Lars von Ängeström af Öfverste Kammar Junkaren och Under Kanslären vid Kongl. Majts. Orden Grefwe Månns Stenbock’. ‘Det hade tillforene tillhört Kammar Junkaren C. U. Gadde till Kjertensberg’.

From Engeström's collection the manuscript came to the National Library in 1864. Inner front cover has the shelf-mark of the National Library of Sweden, and the library’s stamp is visible on the first flyleaf.

 Victor Granlund – Joh. Ax. Almquist – G. O. Berg eds., Konungs Gustaf den förstes registratur, vol. 1–29, Stockholm 1861–1916. Joh. Ax. Almquist, Den civila lokalförvaltningen i Sverige 1523–1630. Med särskild hänsyn till den kamerala indelningen, vol. 4, Stockholm 1922–1923. Natanael Beckman, Studier i outgivna fornsvenska handskrifter, Stockholm 1917, 112–120. Natanael Beckman, “Två finländska gårdsrättsredaktioner. Med anledning av Åbo akademis öppnande”, Göteborgs högskolas årsskrift 25 (1919), 23–24. H. S. Collin – C. J. Schlyter, Östgöta-lagen, Corpus iuris Sueo-Gotorum Antiqui, vol. 2, Stockholm 1830. Aarno Malin, Der Heiligenkalender Finnlands. Seine Zusammensetzung und Entwicklung, Helsingfors 1925, 112–114. C. J. Schlyter, Uplands-lagen, Corpus iuris Sueo-Gotorum Antiqui, vol. 3, Stockholm 1834. C. J. Schlyter, Södermanna-lagen, Corpus iuris Sueo-Gotorum Antiqui, vol. 4, Lund 1838, XVI. C. J. Schlyter, Konung Magnus Erikssons Landslag, Corpus iuris Sueo-Gotorum Antiqui, vol. 10, Lund 1862, XXXII–XXXIII. Encoding added